What is Orthostatic (postural) hypotension?

Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, refers to a temporary decline in blood pressure that occurs when an individual stands up from a sitting or lying position. This condition happens because the body's physiological mechanisms to regulate blood pressure and maintain adequate blood flow to the brain may not react quickly enough to the change in position. When a person stands, gravity pulls blood downward, and it may take a moment for the body to compensate for this shift, which can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting.

The distinction of this condition as temporary is essential, as it indicates that it is a transient phenomenon rather than a permanent state of low blood pressure. It can occur in various situations, such as after prolonged bed rest, dehydration, or within certain medical conditions. Understanding the temporary nature of orthostatic hypotension is crucial for both patients and healthcare providers, as it can often be managed with lifestyle modifications or by treating underlying causes rather than being viewed as a chronic issue.