What is a common side effect of calcium channel blockers like nifedipine?

Gingival hyperplasia is a well-documented side effect of calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine. This condition involves the overgrowth of gum tissue, which can lead to swollen, puffy gums that may cover the teeth. The exact mechanism behind this side effect is not completely understood but is thought to relate to the drug's effects on calcium channels in the smooth muscle of the gums, influencing cellular proliferation and causing changes in gum tissue.

Patients who are prescribed nifedipine or other similar medications should be made aware of the potential for gingival hyperplasia, as proper dental hygiene becomes even more critical to manage and prevent further complications. Regular dental check-ups are also important for individuals taking these medications to monitor gum health and address any concerns early on.

In contrast, the other options, such as bleeding gums, dry mouth, and tooth sensitivity, while they can occur due to various dental or medical conditions, are not typically associated specifically with the use of calcium channel blockers like nifedipine. Thus, recognizing gingival hyperplasia as the correct answer highlights the importance of understanding medication side effects in relation to oral health.